What role do plants play in cave ecosystems?

In cave ecosystems, plants play a crucial role by providing shelter and food for various organisms. Although caves are generally dark and have limited plant life due to the lack of sunlight, certain types of vegetation, such as algae or moss, can thrive under specific conditions. These plants can become a vital food source for cave-dwelling animals, such as invertebrates, which rely on them for sustenance. Additionally, plants create habitats that can protect organisms from predators and extreme environmental conditions.

While it is true that plants contribute to oxygen production and temperature regulation in broader ecosystems, the unique conditions of a cave limit the function of plants in this capacity. The illumination aspect does not apply, as caves are primarily dark environments where photosynthesis cannot occur effectively. The aesthetic appeal of plants in caves does offer some value, but it is secondary to their functional contributions to the survival of cave-dwelling organisms. Thus, option C accurately reflects the essential roles that plants fulfill in the context of cave ecosystems.